Clase 4 Inglés

THE VERB

A verb, from the Latin verbum meaning word, is a word (part of speech) that in syntax conveys an action (bring, read, walk, run, learn), an occurrence (happen, become), or a state of being (be, exist, stand). In the usual description of English, the basic form, with or without the particle to, is the infinitive. In many languages, verbs are inflected (modified in form) to encode tense, aspect, mood, and voice. A verb may also agree with the person, gender, and/or number of some of its arguments, such as its subject, or object. Verbs have tenses: present, to indicate that an action is being carried out; past, to indicate that an action has been done; future, to indicate that an action will be done.

THE PRESENT SIMPLE

Para conjugar el presente simple usamos el infinitivo para los sujetos “I”, “you”, “we” y “they” y para las terceras personas “he”, “she” y “it”, añadimos un “-s” al final del verbo.

Sujeto	Conjugación
I, you, we, they	talk, eat, learn, do, go…
he, she, it	talks, eats, learns, does, goes…

Nota: Hay excepciones de ortografía en la tercera persona, según la letra en que termina el verbo. Las reglas son las mismas que se utilizan para formar el plural de los sustantivos

Structure (Estructura)

1. Affirmative Sentences (Frases afirmativas)

Sujeto + verbo.

Ejemplos:

I talk. (Yo hablo.)

He eats. (Él come.)

They learn. (Ellos aprenden.)

2. Negative Sentences (Frases negativas)

Sujeto + verbo auxiliar (to do) + auxiliar negativo (“not”) + verbo.

Ejemplos:

I do not [don’t] talk. (Yo no hablo.)

He does not [doesn’t] eat. (Él no come.)

They do not [don’t] learn. (Ellos no aprenden.)

Nota: En frases negativas, el verbo auxiliar (“to do”) cambia y el verbo principal va en el infinitivo.

3. Interrogative Sentences (Frases interrogativas)

Verbo auxiliar (to do) + sujeto + verbo principal?

Ejemplos:

Do you talk? (¿Hablas tú?)

Does he eat? (¿Come él?)

Do they learn? (¿Aprenden ellos?)

Nota: Como en frases negativas, en frases interrogativas el verbo auxiliar (“to do”) cambia y el

verbo principal va en el infinitivo

HOMEWORK/EXCERCISE

COPY ALL AND MAKE 3 SENTENCES FOR EACH ONE TO THE PRESENT SIMPLE AND MAKE A LIST TO 25 VERBS.